1.Amino acids are organic compounds containing both amino and carboxyl functional groups, serving as the building blocks of proteins.
2. Essential amino acids, such as lysine and valine, must be obtained through diet, while non-essential ones, like glycine and alanine, can be synthesized by the body.
3. The unique side chain, or R-group, distinguishes each amino acid and influences the protein's structure and function.
4. During protein synthesis, amino acids link via peptide bonds, forming polypeptide chains based on the genetic code encoded in DNA.
5. Amino acids have diverse roles, acting as precursors for hormones and neurotransmitters, contributing to energy metabolism, and maintaining cellular structures.
6. The imbalance of amino acids can impact protein synthesis, affecting various physiological processes and overall health.
7. There are 20 standard amino acids, each playing a specific role in the intricate biochemical processes that sustain life.
8. The sequence and arrangement of amino acids in a protein determine its unique three-dimensional structure and functionality.
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